见解析
【小题1】D
【小题2】D
【小题3】D
【小题4】B
【小题5】C
试题分析：本文以新闻报道的形式介绍了上海的饮水短缺问题.政府已经采取了一些措施，目标是2020年上海人能喝到最好的饮用水。
【小题1】细节题：从第7段的句子：The Huangpu River, which supplies 80 percent of the city’s drinkable water, is nearing exhaustion.可知黄浦江是上海人主要的水源，选D
【小题2】细节理解题。根据“The aim is to arouse public awareness of the seriousness of water shortages,” Chen said. “The abundant surface water and amount of rain of the city are so misleading that they result in improper use of water.”本段描述大量的地表水和城市总大量的降水错误的引导了 人们不恰当的用水。故选D
【小题3】推理题：从倒数第三段的句子：In three years, all the toilets will be renovated, which saves the city nearly 15 million Yuan every year in water conservation.可知政府整改家庭卫生用水，是为了满足总的用水需求，选D
【小题4】理解归纳题。1. Last year, Shanghai saved 300 million cubic meters of water either from readjustment of industrial structure or the employment of new technology.2. the authority is popularizing technology among the public to efficiently cut the amount of water used.3. In three years, all the toilets will be renovated, 4. Another task the city is engaged in is the treatment of sewage（污水）to improve the water environment.从以上四点可以看出文中一共提到了四种节约用水的方法。改变工业结构，引入或使用新科技，改造家庭卫生间，建更多的污水处理厂，故选B
【小题5】推理题：通过阅读短文我们可知知道现在不是每个上海人都知道水资源短缺问题，C符合文章要表达的思想。选项B表述错误，这一目标要在2020年达到。选项A，将来的经济繁荣会需要大量的水，文章中心是节约用水，此表述与文意不符。D项应该是In three years,意思是在三年后，within 3 years意思是在三年中，故选项D也不对。故选C
考点： 考查新闻报道类文章
